Introduction
Back of the Card
Relay
Shows 4-pin and 5-pin relay layouts with standard terminal numbers (85, 86, 30, 87, 87a).
Illustrates coil and switch operation using schematic symbols.
Helps students visualize internal relay contacts and pin mapping found in automotive circuits.
Switches
Shows and labels switch types and their schematic representations:
SPST (Single Pole Single Throw) – basic on/off control.
Momentary Switch – returns to open when released.
SPDT / DPDT – switches that route current between two or more paths.
Helps learners identify how switching devices control current direction and circuit logic.
Ohm’s Law
Displays the formula V = A × R with triangle or wheel diagram for easy reference.
Includes example calculations for voltage, current, and resistance.
Reinforces the mathematical link between the quantities students measure on the front.
Loads
Displays schematic symbols for common electrical loads:
Resistor – fixed restriction to current.
Potentiometer – variable resistor.
Lamp, LED, Motor – examples of energy conversion.
Reinforces how loads differ but share the same function of using electrical energy.
Power and Ground
Illustrates schematic symbols for:
Battery
Fuse
Ground (GND)
Chassis Ground
Circuit Breaker
Shows how these protection and reference components appear in wiring diagrams.
Basic Meter Tips
Quick reference for correct meter setup:
Voltage: probes across a component; circuit powered on.
Resistance: across a component; circuit unpowered.
Current: meter placed in series; circuit powered.
Reminds students to verify meter mode and lead position before every test.